The oil and gas industry faces several pressing challenges: 1) Regulatory and environmental compliance is growing more stringent; 2) Skilled labor shortages are impacting project timelines; 3) Geopolitical tensions affect supply and pricing stability; 4) The global push toward renewable energy creates demand for cleaner oil & gas processes; 5) Supply chain disruptions continue to impact equipment availability and logistics. Companies must adapt through innovation, training, and digital transformation.